Organic Mechanisms. Electrophilic Addition. Ethene + HBr

In this video lesson, Mr. Scullion demonstrates a reacting mass problem involving ammonia and hydrogen. Try the problem out on your own prior to finding out the solution.

In this video I look at the use of the two main reducing agents employed in organic chemistry. These are lithium aluminium hydride (lithal) and sodium borohydride. I outline the mechanism (nucleophilic addition) in which hydride ions react with C=O groups to form alcohols via alkoxide intermediates. I compare the reactivities of the two reducing agents and discuss the explosive risks associated with using lithium aluminium hydride with protic solvents such as water or methanol. A practical setup, that could be used to reduce aldehydes and ketone with lithal, is presented at the end. It is one in a series of short videos looking at the main organic practical techniques: heat & distill; reflux distillation; washing and drying in solvent extraction; recrystallisation and melting point determination; and others

This Chemistry lesson is titled Scientific Notation Addition and Subtraction and will give a detailed explanation of the topic.

In this video I look at the preparation of carboxylic acids from four other organic functional groups. First, from primary alcohols and aldehydes by the process of oxidation, and second, from esters and nitriles by the process of either acid-catalysed hydrolysis or alkaline catalysed hydrolysis.

In this video lesson, Mr. Scullion demonstrates a reacting mass problem with volume of hydrogen gas. Try the problem out on your own prior to finding out the solution.